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Belgian Malinois
Characteristics, History, and Health

Belgian Malinois

The Belgian Malinois is one of four Belgian sheepdogs that originated in Belgium in the late 19th century. These dogs, which also include the Belgian Tervuren, Belgian Groenendael, and Belgian Laekenois, were primarily used for herding and protecting livestock. Belgian Malinois were first recognized as a distinct breed by the Club du Chien de Berger Belge in 1891, thanks to the efforts of a Belgian breeder named Adrien Janssens. The Malinois part of the breed name comes from the Belgian city of Malines.

Main Info
Origin
Belgium
Alternate Names
Chien de Berger Belge
Life Expectancy
14-16 years
Average Male Height
24-26 inches
Average Female Height
22-24 inches
Average Male Weight
60-80 pounds
Average Female Weight
40-60 pounds
Coat Length
Short
Coat Type
Smooth
Coat Colors
Black, Brindle, Cream, Fawn, Gray, Liver, Mahogany, Red, Red Sable, Fawn Sable, Gray Sable, Cream Sable
Coat Pattern
Black Mask

Genetic Predispositions and Health

The Belgian Malinois can be affected by cardiomyopathy (dilated), cataracts, cerebellar ataxia (spongy degeneration), ectodermal dysplasia (x-linked), elbow dysplasia, elbow dysplasia (fragmented coronoid process), epilepsy, exertional myositis, gastric dilation/volvulus, hip dysplasia, hypothyroidism, leukodystrophy (spongiform encephalopathy), Lumbosacral stenosis, mucopolysaccharidosis VII, pannus, patellar luxation, persistent pupillary membranes, prognathism, progressive retinal atrophy, retinal dysplasia, spinocerebellar ataxia (myokymia and neuromyotonia). Genetic testing is recommended, including for the following additional conditions: hyperuricosuria, degenerative myelopathy, and progressive rod-cone degeneration.

Personality and Behavior

Belgian Malinois are known for their intelligence, trainability, and high energy levels. They are also protective and have a strong work ethic. This combination of traits makes them excellent working dogs, but it also means they require an owner who can provide them with a lot of mental and physical stimulation. Without sufficient exercise and mental challenges, Belgian Malinois can become bored and may exhibit destructive behaviors.

Though every dog is an individual, the breed is known to be rather aloof with strangers, yet generally loyal and affectionate with its family (including children). However, due to their high energy and intense focus, Belgian Malinois may be too intense for families with very young children, first time dog owners, or people who are not accustomed to active dogs.

Fun Facts

The Belgian Malinois was brought to the United States in the early 20th century, and was recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1959.

Today, this breed is well-regarded for its intelligence and versatility and is often used in various roles such as police and military work, search and rescue, and service dogs for the disabled.

References

https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/belgian-malinois/

https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/belgian-sheepdog/

https://www.petmd.com/dog/breeds/c_dg_belgian_malinois

http://www.malinoisclub.com/abmc/about-malinois/history/

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