Disease overview

Wilson disease is a copper metabolism disorder. When the liver cannot properly excrete copper, the excess copper accumulates in the brain or the liver, causing neurological problems and compromising liver function.

Gene name

COMMD1

Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Signs and symptoms

Clinical signs of liver dysfunction include weight loss, anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice, and lethargy.

How is it diagnosed

A veterinarian will conduct a thorough exam, including a review of health history and any clinical signs. Lab work and other diagnostics to determine liver function may be indicated. Genetic testing is necessary to determine if there is an underlying genetic cause, which can assist veterinarians with diagnosis and help breeders identify affected and carrier dogs.

Breeds at higher risk

Citations

Forman OP, Boursnell ME, Dunmore BJ, Stendall N, van den Sluis B, Fretwell N, Jones C, Wijmenga C, Rothuizen J, van Oost BA, Holmes NG, Binns MM, Jones P. Characterization of the COMMD1 (MURR1) mutation causing copper toxicosis in Bedlington terriers. Anim Genet. 2005 Dec;36(6):497-501. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01360.x. PMID: 16293123.

Disclaimer

Disease diagnosis and treatment should always be performed by a veterinarian. The following information is for educational purposes only.