Disease overview

Primary hyperoxaluria type I (Oxalosis I) is a disease that affects the production of an enzyme that breaks down glyoxylate in the urine. Without this enzyme, glyoxylate accumulates and forms stones in both the kidney and bladder.

Gene name

AGXT

Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Signs and symptoms

If there is a genetic cause, puppies can exhibit signs of this condition at 3 to 4 weeks of age. Signs associated with blockage or kidney damage include straining while urinating, increased frequency of urination, and excessive thirst. If the disease is severe, affected dogs may show signs of kidney failure such as vomiting and lethargy.

How is it diagnosed

A veterinarian will review health history, conduct a thorough exam, and note any clinical signs. Genetic testing assists veterinarians with diagnosis and helps breeders identify affected and carrier dogs.

Breeds at higher risk

Citations

Vidgren G, Vainio-Siukola K, Honkasalo S, Dillard K, Anttila M, Vauhkonen H. Primary hyperoxaluria in Coton de Tulear. Anim Genet. 2012 Jun;43(3):356-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02260.x. Epub 2011 Nov 8. PMID: 22486513.

Disclaimer

Disease diagnosis and treatment should always be performed by a veterinarian. The following information is for educational purposes only.