Disease overview

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. PKD is characterized by the formation of small fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys that lead to kidney failure. These cysts are often present from birth, but they grow larger overtime, resulting in disrupted kidney function. The number of cysts, their enlargement, and overall speed of disease progression vary between cats. In most cases, cyst enlargement happens slowly and affected cats will not show any kidney disease signs until later in life, typically around their seventh birthday.

Gene name

PKD1

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant

Signs and symptoms

The signs of PKD are the same as those of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure. Most commonly, you will see increased thirst, urination, nausea, weight loss, and lethargy. In severe cases, homozygous cats typically die in the womb or prior to sexual maturity.

How is it diagnosed

PKD is diagnosed with a detailed history, clinical signs, and ultrasound of the kidneys. Genetic testing for confirming the mutation responsible for PKD is also recommended.

Breeds at higher risk

, Persian-derived

Citations

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15466259/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31155548/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17553488/

Disclaimer

Disease diagnosis and treatment should always be performed by a veterinarian. The following information is for educational purposes only.