Disease overview

Muscular dystrophy is a group of degenerative muscle disorders that are characterized by progressive muscle dysfunction. This type of dystrophy is caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which leads to dysfunctional dystrophin protein. Dystrophin is necessary for normal muscle growth and function.

Gene name

DMD

Inheritance

X-Linked recessive

Signs and symptoms

Affected dogs will show signs of generalized muscle degeneration at a young age. This non-painful type presents as weakness and wasting, especially in the hind limbs and back. Muscle degeneration eventually leads to difficulty walking, swallowing, and breathing. Signs appear around 1-3 months of age.

How is it diagnosed

A veterinarian will conduct a thorough exam, including a review of health history and any clinical signs. Genetic testing is necessary to determine if there is an underlying genetic cause, which can assist veterinarians with diagnosis and help breeders identify affected and carrier dogs.

Breeds at higher risk

Citations

Barthélémy I, Calmels N, Weiss RB, Tiret L, Vulin A, Wein N, Peccate C, Drougard C, Beroud C, Deburgrave N, Thibaud JL, Escriou C, Punzón I, Garcia L, Kaplan JC, Flanigan KM, Leturcq F, Blot S. X-linked muscular dystrophy in a Labrador Retriever strain: phenotypic and molecular characterisation. Skelet Muscle. 2020 Aug 7;10(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13395-020-00239-0. PMID: 32767978; PMCID: PMC7412789.

Disclaimer

Disease diagnosis and treatment should always be performed by a veterinarian. The following information is for educational purposes only.