Disease overview

Malignant hyperthermia is an inherited disorder of the skeletal muscle that causes a fast rise in body temperature and severe, abnormal muscle contractions when affected dogs are exposed to certain chemicals. This condition can be fatal.

Gene name

RYR1

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant

Signs and symptoms

Affected dogs typically appear healthy until the disease is triggered chemically by anesthetic agents, muscle relaxants such as succinylcholine, or volatile inhalants. Symptoms include rapid heart rate, rapid breathing, and a progressive increase in body temperature. These can progress to cardiac dysrhythmias, rapid muscle degeneration (rhabdomyolysis), renal failure, and death (especially if administration of the chemical is not immediately stopped).

How is it diagnosed

In addition to a thorough evaluation of health history, genetic testing assists veterinarians with diagnosis and helps breeders identify affected and carrier dogs.

Breeds at higher risk

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Citations

Roberts MC, Mickelson JR, Patterson EE, Nelson TE, Armstrong PJ, Brunson DB, Hogan K. Autosomal dominant canine malignant hyperthermia is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the skeletal muscle calcium release channel (RYR1). Anesthesiology. 2001 Sep;95(3):716-25. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200109000-00026. PMID: 11575546.

Disclaimer

Disease diagnosis and treatment should always be performed by a veterinarian. The following information is for educational purposes only.